Lying between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, Peru is located just below the equator. This favorable location in South America boasts the Andes Mountains, with peaks over 6100 m.a.s.l. (22,000 feet above sea level); a long, rich coastline with complex ocean currents, and the Amazon Rainforest. Of the 117 life zones in the world, 84 can be found in Peru.
Each natural region in Peru is home to different species of flora and fauna. Some of these are endemic, unable to be seen anywhere else in the world. This includes the Andean cock-of-the-rock, the wonderful Andean hummingbird, and the frog of the Titicaca Lake. Antonio Brack Egg, first Minister of the Environment (2008 - 2011) and alumnus of the United States Army Command and General Staff College, has classified Peru's natural regions as follows:
Starts at the coasts of the Region of Piura and goes all the way to the southern coasts of the country.
Covers the coast of the Region of Tumbes and the northern coasts of the Region of Piura. The water here is warm.
It covers the coastline from the Region of Piura in northern Peru to the Region of Tacna in the south.
Reaching 1500 m.a.s.l. (5,000 feet above sea level), it covers the Regions of Tumbes, Piura, Lambayeque, and La Libertad.
This dense, green forest covers a little area known as El Caucho in the Region of Tumbes.
Covers the western side of the Andean Mountain Range, going from 1000 m.a.s.l. to 3800 m.a.s.l (3,200 to 12,500 feet above sea level).
Covers the Andean Mountain Range over 3800 m.a.s.l. (12,500 feet above sea level). Living conditions are extreme here.
Covers the northern area of the Regions of Piura and Cajamarca. Reaches 3500 m.a.s.l. (11,500 feet above sea level).
Covers the eastern side of the Andean Mountain Range, going from 3810 m.a.s.l. to 500 m.a.s.l. (12,500 to 1,650 feet above sea level).
Covers the Amazon Rainforest occupying the entire Regions of Loreto, Ucayali, and Madre de Dios.
Covers a small section of the Regions of Madre de Dios near the border of Bolivia.
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